In a powerful moment resonating with constitutional symbolism and social justice, the newly appointed CJI responded to the greetings of lawyers at the Supreme Court with, “Jai Bhim,” a salutation historically associated with followers of Dr BR Ambedkar and the Dalit rights movement.

Justice Gavai holds a unique place in India’s judicial history as the first Chief Justice from the Buddhist faith and only the second from a Scheduled Caste community after Justice KG Balakrishnan. Since its establishment in 1950, the Supreme Court has only had seven judges from Scheduled Castes or Scheduled Tribes.

With landmark cases on his docket and a legacy of balancing individual rights with institutional integrity, expectations are high.

Justice Khanna's tenure was marked by restraint in interactions with media and swift transparency in matters of judicial accountability, including the corruption controversy surrounding Justice Yashwant Varma.

Can we expect to see the same from Justice Gavai?

The new CJI has, on several occasions, called for greater judicial accountability to address any deficit in the public trust in judicial institutions. He has also cautioned judges against publicly praising politicians, while also emphasising that the judiciary must stand independent from both the legislature and the executive.

Despite his commendable contributions, Justice Gavai's career has not been without controversy. In a speech addressing the issue of "freebies," he remarked that such policies were creating a "class of parasites" unwilling to work. This statement drew significant criticism from civil society, with over 300 citizens signing an open letter condemning the remarks as reflective of an anti-poor bias.

However, his predecessor believes that the top court will be in firm hands under Justice Gavai's stewardship. How he navigates the top court over the next half year or so will be interesting to watch.